Biography

He was born in 1920 in the village of Bedaruni, affiliated with the Goretu sub-district in the Mergasor district of Erbil province. Before going to the Republic of Kurdistan, he had two wives; his first wife was named Magrum Abdulrahman, with whom he had a daughter named Khatun Mela Shni (1945), and his second wife was named Lali Mamand Tajdin. Mela Shni studied in the Soviet Union and received a bachelor's degree in the Agriculture Department of Tambov University in Moscow.

Struggle Record

In 1943, he joined the ranks of the Second Barzan Revolution and was a force commander in the Barzan region. On August 19, 1945, by order of the Iraqi military martial court, all his movable and immovable property was seized. On September 12, 1945, he participated in the Battle of Sari Akre, and after the martyrdom of Aziz Agha Zarari, he took his place.

 After the defeat of the Second Barzan Revolution, on October 11, 1945, he headed to Eastern Kurdistan. On March 31, 1946, he became a Peshmerga in the Barzan force affiliated with the army of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad and participated in the battles of the Saqqez front in the village of Saruchawa of the Republic of Kurdistan.

 He was among the Peshmerga who returned to the Shirwani and Mizuri region through the Khwakurk route and the Barazgir plain through the territory of Northern Kurdistan on April 19, 1947.

After their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his companions on May 15, 1947, in the village of Argosh and gave them the choice to stay or go to the Soviet Union. There, all his companions decided to continue and go to the Soviet Union. On May 23, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Gali Qotur and the Battle of the Maku Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which lies on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, into the Soviet Union.

After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, along with all his companions, they were placed in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days in an open compound surrounded by barbed wire. They were guarded by a group of soldiers and were treated like prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayolakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, they were taught Kurdish language lessons daily for four hours by some of their companions who were literate.

After the poor treatment of the Barzani companions by Jafar Bagirov, it was decided to move the military camp on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk compound near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training. 

In March 1949, along with his companions, they were distributed in groups and squads by train among the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked on collective farms (lands that people rented from the government and later gave a share to the government). 

After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, finally, a letter reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions, and he immediately decided to form a committee to investigate the situation of the Barzani companions. Finally, the committee's decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vrevsky; therefore, he went to the city of Vrevsky in the Soviet Union in November 1951.

After the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of General Mustafa Barzani, on February 25, 1959, and according to both the third and seventh articles and paragraph (A) of the tenth article, and by applying the eleventh article based on the amended Law No. 19 of 1959, he and his companions were covered by a general amnesty. 

In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abdul Karim Qasim. On April 16, 1959, he returned to Kurdistan with his companions by the ship Gruzia via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq.   

In 1961, he participated in the Aylul Revolution. On September 11, 1961, he was a force commander. On February 12, 1962, by the decision of Mela Mustafa Barzani, the Badinan Army was established, and he was made the commander of the Akre force. On March 10 of the same year, he participated in the battles of Gali Qantara, Meriba, Mount Chapank, and the Brifka police station. Also, in 1962, he participated in the battles of Ble, Barzan, Mount Pirevat, and Gorezi. He was a force commander in the Shanadar region and the Nehla Valley. On June 14-15, 1963, he was in charge of leading the Battle of Sari Akre. On June 27, 1963, he participated in the Battle of Mount Pirsi and was martyred.

Sources:

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