Abdish Omar Abdish was born in 1926 in the village of Spindar, affiliated with the Shirwan Mazin district in the Mergasor district of Erbil province. He was originally from the village of Mamudyan. Before going to the Soviet Union, he had three wives. In the Soviet Union, he married Hashima Hassan Adil, and they had a son named Rostam Abdish. Abdish Omar was proficient in Kurdish, Turkish, and Russian. He passed away in 1977 and was buried in the village of Mamudyan.
Struggle RecordAbdish Omar Abdish joined the ranks of the Second Barzan Revolution in 1943 and participated in the battles. On August 19, 1945, by order of the Iraqi military court, all his movable and immovable property was seized. After the defeat of the Second Barzan Revolution, he headed to Eastern Kurdistan on October 11, 1945.
On March 31, 1946, he became a Peshmerga in the Barzani force affiliated with the army of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad and participated in the battles of the Saqqez front in the Republic of Kurdistan.
After the fall of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad and the return of Barzani from Eastern Kurdistan, he was among the Peshmerga who returned to the Shirwan and Mazuri region through the Khwakurk and Barazgir plain on April 19, 1947, passing through the territory of Northern Kurdistan.
After their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his companions on May 15, 1947, in the village of Argosh and gave them the choice to stay or go to the Soviet Union. There, all his companions decided to continue and go to the Soviet Union. On May 23, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Gali Qotur and the Battle of the Maku Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which lies on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, into the Soviet Union.
After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, along with all his companions, they were placed in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days in an open-air compound surrounded by barbed wire. They were guarded by a group of soldiers and were treated like prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayolakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, they were taught the Kurdish language daily for four hours by some of their companions who were literate.
After the poor treatment of his companions by Jafar Baghirov, it was decided to move the military camp from the Republic of Azerbaijan on August 29, 1948, to the Charchuk complex near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training.
In March 1949, along with his companions, they were distributed in groups and squads by train among the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked in the kolkhoz fields (lands that people took back from the government and later gave a share to the government).
After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions. He immediately ordered the formation of a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's companions, and the committee's final decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vriviski. Therefore, he went to the city of Vriviski in the Soviet Union in November 1951.
After the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of General Mustafa Barzani, on February 25, 1959, according to both the third and seventh articles and paragraph (A) of the tenth article, and by applying the eleventh article based on the amended Law No. 19 of 1959, he and his companions were granted a general amnesty.
In 1958, the republican government was established in Iraq, headed by Abd al-Karim Qasim, so he returned to Kurdistan with his companions on April 16, 1959, by the ship Grozia via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq.
Abdish Omar participated in the Aylul Revolution and participated in the battles of Nehli, Piris, and the Battle of Akre, and was wounded twice.
Sources:1. Shaban Ali Shaban, Some Political and Historical Information, 3rd edition, (Erbil - Rojhalat Printing House - 2013).
2. Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, The Golden Jubilee of the Peshmerga, (Pirmam - Khabat Printing House - 1996).
3. Salih Yusuf Sufi, Chronology of Kurdistan and the World, 1st edition, Volume 3, (Duhok - Duhok Governorate Printing House - 2013).
4. Omar Farouqi, Sardar Dana: Life and Struggles of the Late Mullah Mustafa Barzani, 2nd edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Education Printing House - 2002).
5. Abdulrahman Mullah Habib Abu Bakr, The Barzan Tribe Between 1931 - 1991, 1st edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Culture Printing House - 2001).
6. Laith Abdul-Muhsin Jawad Al-Zubaidi, The July 14, 1958 Revolution in Iraq, (Baghdad - Dar Al-Rashid for Publishing - 1979), p. 288.
7. Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931 - 1958, (Duhok - Khabat Printing House - 1998).
8. Najaf Qoli Pesyan, From Bloody Mahabad to the Shores of the Aras, translated by Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, 1st edition, (Pirmam - Golden Jubilee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - 1996).
9. Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Board.