Successive Iraqi regimes have resorted to facing the Kurdish revolution from the beginning to the art of killing Kurds by Kurdish hands, and the consequence of that was largely in favor of the Iraqi regime in terms of power and strengthening its position, in terms of arming the tribes and using them as a fighting force alongside the Iraqi Army to resist the Kurdish revolution [1]. In addition to sowing the seeds of division and hostility and creating social problems between the tribes and classes of Kurdish society, of course this position was in the interest of the government and harmful to the Kurds, there is no doubt that this falls within the framework of the divide and rule policy, and the gunmen were organized into groups and regiments that the government called Salah al-Din Knights [2], but they were known by the revolution and the Peshmerga as (Jash)[3] because they were serving the successive Iraqi regimes faithfully alongside the government military forces, so the Peshmerga Forces were confronting them and responding to their attacks [4].

And among the attacks carried out by the Peshmerga Forces to confront the position of the mercenaries (Jash) was the Bakerman battle, which was one of the guerrilla warfare activities of the Peshmerga Forces that took place on the evening of 29 March 1983 in the Sharman and Bakerman regions, where a force of Peshmerga belonging to the Amedi, Akre, and Sheikhan local committees and a force belonging to the leadership attacked several sites of the mercenary gunmen (Jash), and the attack lasted for two hours, and during those two hours the Peshmerga Forces were able to hit the target as planned, and as a result the mercenary gunmen suffered heavy losses, and Shaban Ghafar Bidohi of the Peshmerga Forces was martyred along with the martyrdom of four other Peshmerga.

Sources:
  1. Masoud Barzani: Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement, Volume Four, 1975-1990 Gulan Revolution, Part Two, First Edition, Roxana Printing House, 2021.
  2. Hozhin Masoud Sarni: The September Revolution in the Badinan Region 1961- 1975, First Edition, 2018.
  3. Muhannad Ali Farhan Al-Jubouri: Barzan Tribes and their Role in Iraq (1903-11958), First Edition, Daneshfar Printing House - 2023.
  4. Haji Mirkhan Dolamari: Searching for Justice, Second Edition, Asra Printing House, - Tehran, 2021.

[1] Muhannad Ali Farhan Al-Jubouri: Barzan Tribes and their Role in Iraq (1903-11958), First Edition, Daneshfar Printing House - 2023, p.300.

[2] Hozhin Masoud Sarni: The September Revolution in the Badinan Region 1961- 1975 , First Edition, 2018. p.189.

[3] Haji Mirkhan Dolamari: Searching for Justice, Second Edition, Asra Printing House, - Tehran, 2021, p.327.          

[4] Masoud Barzani: Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement, Volume Four, 1975-1990 Gulan Revolution, Part Two, First Edition, Roxana Printing House, 2021, p.60.