Ebdulsemed Mihemed Ebdulrehman Îbrahîm, who is known as (Ebdulsemed Bena and Ebdulsemed Mencel), was born on 11 March 1913 in the city of Koya, which belongs to Erbil Governorate. He completed his primary, intermediate, and preparatory education in that city.
In 1934, he was appointed as an employee at the Sharia Court of Resafa in the city of Baghdad. He passed away on 11 February 1968 in the city of Baghdad and was buried on 12 February 1968 in the Kekon cemetery in the town of Koya. He knew the Kurdish, Arabic, Persian, Turkish, and English languages.
Work HistoryIn 1932, he worked politically with the officials of the (Al-Ahali) newspaper, which was published on 2 January 1932 in the city of Baghdad and was considered the only opposition newspaper for which communists such as Yusuf Salman (1901 - 1949), known as Fahid, the secretary of the Iraqi Communist Party, worked. In 1933, he was among the founders of the Youth Association, known as the Intellectuals Association in the town of Koya, which belongs to Erbil Governorate. In 1933, he was among the founders of the Kurdish Youth Memorial Association in the city of Baghdad. In 1934, he joined the Iraqi Communist Party and supported the recognition of Kurds as a nation and the right to the independence of Kurdistan. In 1935, he joined the ranks of the (Al-Ahali) Association. During his work in the ranks of the Kurdish Hiwa Party, he distributed a Kurdish leaflet titled "Bilêse" in the town of Koya. In 1941, he was arrested due to political activities and was dismissed from his job. At the beginning of 1942, he wrote a translation of an article in support of the women's movement for the Kurdish magazine "Gelawêj", which was published in Baghdad.
In 1946, he was one of the officials of the Kurdistan Democratic Party in Sulaymaniyah Governorate. In 1946, part of the leaflets of the Kurdistan Democratic Party were in his handwriting. During the years (1947 - 1958), he was busy collecting financial aid from the Feyli merchants of Baghdad for the Barzani prisoners. On 18 June 1947, through Mihemed Seîd Mîrza Mecîd Hac Ehmed (1904 - 1959), known as Seîd Qezaz, he was granted permission to act as a Sharia scribe on the last night of the lives of the four martyr officers – Îzet Ebdulazîz Ebdullatîf (1912 - 1947), known as Îzet Kêtanî, Mistefa Mistefa (1912 - 1947), known as Mistefa Xoşnaw , Xeyrullah Ebdulkerîm Ebdullah (1912 - 1947), known as Xeyrullah Gurcîzade, and Mihemed Mehmûd Mihemed (1922 - 1947), known as Mihemed Mehmûd Qudsî – to write their last will and testament in his own handwriting. On 19 June 1947, he received the bodies of the four martyr officers from the forensic doctor of Baghdad and sent them to their respective places.
During the years (1947 - 1949), he was exiled to the town of Hit, which belongs to Anbar Governorate in western Iraq. He participated in the demonstrations of 27 - 29 January 1948 in the city of Baghdad against the Kingdom of Iraq regime. During the years (1949 - 1958), he was exiled to the Za'faraniya farm (Mezra'a El-Ze'feraniye) near the city of Baghdad. In 1953, he was the head of the media for Mesûd Mihemed's election campaign for the Iraqi Chamber of Deputies. In 1958, he was a member of the delegation welcoming President Mustafa Barzani (1903 - 1979) at Musenna Airport in the city of Baghdad during his return from exile. In 1959, he was a delegate to the second Baghdad conference. In 1959, he was a delegate to the Fourth Congress of the Kurdistan Democratic Party – Iraq. On Saturday, 8 January 1960, he was a member of the fifty-person committee supporting the founders of the open phase of the Kurdistan Democratic Party. In 1960, he was a delegate to the Fifth Congress of the Kurdistan Democratic Party in the city of Baghdad. In 1961, his house became the first refuge for the lawyer Omer Mistefa Mihemed Emîn (1923 - 1992), known as Omer Debabe, a member of the Central Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, who had escaped from prison.
In 1963, he was arrested and tortured by the National Guard (El-Heras El-Qawmî) and was later released. In 1963, he was a delegate to the First People's Congress (Koya Congress). In 1963, he was a member of the Kurdistan Democratic Party's negotiating delegation with the Iraqi government, arriving in the city of Baghdad on 30 March 1963. On 9 June 1963, he was arrested and tortured by the Iraqi government's intelligence, and in 1964, he was released after negotiations between the leadership of the Kurdistan Democratic Party and Ebdulselam Mihemed Arîf (1921 - 1966), the President of Iraq. On 17 June 1965, he was appointed as the General Supervisor for Northern Affairs.
References :1 - Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Board.
2 - Ezîz Hesen Barzani, The Kurdish National Liberation Movement in Iraqi Kurdistan 1939 – 1945, (Duhok – Spîrêz Publishing House for Printing and Publishing – Ministry of Education Press – 2002), p. 96.
3 - Hamîd Gewherî, The Barzani Medal, The Highest Award of Honor, First Book, Second Edition, (Erbil – Barzani Charity Foundation – 2019), p. 278.
4 - Paul Ernst, Discussion of a Famous German Poet, Translated by Ebdulsemed Hacî Mihemed, Gelawêj Magazine, Issues 3 and 4, Year 3, Baghdad, Ma'arif Press, March and April 1942, pp. 66-71.
5 - Mehdî Mihemed Qadir, Political Developments in Iraqi Kurdistan 1945 – 1958, (Sulaymaniyah – Kurdistan Center for Strategic Studies – 2005), pp. 92, 101, 122 - 123, 126.
6 - Şiwan Mihemed Emîn Taha Xoşnaw, Erbil Between the Years 1963 – 1970: A Historical Study of the Political Situation, (Erbil – Salahaddin University Press – 2016), pp. 88, 114.
7 - Cemal Baban, My Bright Sulaymaniyah, Volume Three, Second Edition, (Erbil – Aras Printing and Publishing House – Aras Press – 2012), pp. 320, 324.
8 - B. Hewraz, A Short Study on the Establishment and Dissolution of the Revolution and Liberation Party in South Kurdistan, (No Place – May 1993), p. 10.
9 - Muhammad Sahl Taqoush, History of the Kurds 637 – 2015, (Beirut – Dar Al-Nafaes for Printing, Publishing and Distribution – 2015), pp. 203 - 204.
10 - Habib Muhammad Karim, History of the Kurdistan Democratic Party – Iraq (In Key Stages) 1946 – 1993, (Duhok – Xebat Printing House – 1998), pp. 35, 85 - 86.
11 - Hassan Latif Al-Zubaidi, Encyclopedia of Iraqi Parties, (Beirut – Al-Arif Foundation for Publications – 2007), pp. 338, 348, 512.
12 - Subhi Abdulhamid, Iraq in the Years 1960 – 1969, (Damascus – Dar Babel for Research and Media – 2009), p. 61.
13 - Tariq Jambaz, The Hiwa Party in Erbil Liwa, (Erbil – Yasaperezi Magazine – 2005), p. 46.
14 - Tahir Ahmed Hewezi, History of Koya, Volume Two, Part One, (Baghdad – Namir Printing House – 1984), p. 203.
15 - Ali Abdullah, History of the Kurdistan Democratic Party – Iraq until the Holding of the Third Congress, (No Place – September 1968), p. 63.
16 - Abdulkhaliq Alaeddin, Koya... Its Notable Figures, (Erbil – Minara Printing House – 2014), pp. 195-198.
17 - Fuad Hussein Wakil, The Al-Ahali Group in Iraq, (Baghdad – Dar Al-Rashid for Publishing – 1979), pp. 104 - 105, 111-114, 186 - 189.
18 - Mahmoud Al-Durra, The Kurdish Question and Arab Nationalism in the Iraq War, (Beirut – Dar Al-Tali'a Publications – 1963), p. 181.
19 - Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement, Volume One, Second Edition, (Beirut – Kawa for Kurdish Culture – 1997), p. 217.
20 - Mahdi Muhammad Qadir, Erbil in the Years 1926 – 1939, (Erbil – Kurdish Academy – Haji Hashim Printing House – 2013), p. 281.