Elias Osman was born in 1915 in the village of Reshe, Mergasor district, Erbil province. He knew Kurdish, Turkish, and Russian. He passed away on November 21, 2005, and was buried in the village of Reshe.
Struggle RecordAfter the outbreak of the Second Barzan Revolution in 1943, he joined the ranks of the revolution. For this reason, on August 19, 1945, by order of the military martial court, all his movable and immovable property was seized.
On October 11, 1945, after the defeat of the Second Barzan Revolution, along with Mustafa Barzani and his companions, he crossed into Eastern Kurdistan. After the establishment of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad, on March 31, 1946, he defended the Republic within the framework of the Barzan force.
After the fall of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad and the return of Barzani from Eastern Kurdistan to Southern Kurdistan, he participated in the Battle of Naghadeh and the Battle of Oshnavieh in Eastern Kurdistan. He was also among the Peshmerga who returned to the Sherwan and Mazuri region on April 19, 1947, through (Khwakurk and the Barazgir plain) via the territory of Northern Kurdistan.
After their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his companions in the village of Argosh on May 6, 1947, and gave them the choice to stay or go to the Soviet Union. There, all his companions decided to continue and go to the Soviet Union. On May 23, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Qotur and the Battle of the Maku Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which lies on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, into the Soviet Union.
After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, along with all his companions, they were placed in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days in an open-air compound surrounded by barbed wire. They were guarded by a group of soldiers and were treated like prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayulakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of the officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, they were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, for four hours a day, they were taught the Kurdish language by some of their companions who were literate.
After the poor treatment by Jafar Baghirov towards his companions, it was decided to move the military camp on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk community near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training.
In March 1949, along with his companions, they were distributed in groups and squads by train among the collective farms of the Soviet Union and worked in the Kolkhoz fields (lands that people rented from the government and later gave the government's share back).
After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions, and he immediately ordered the formation of a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's companions. Eventually, the committee's decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vrevsky, so he went to the city of Vrevsky in the Soviet Union in November 1951.
After the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of General Mustafa Barzani, on February 25, 1959, and according to both the third and seventh articles and paragraph (A) of the tenth article, and by applying the eleventh article based on the amended Law No. 19 of 1959, he and his companions were granted a general amnesty.
In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abdul Karim Qasim. On April 16, 1959, he returned to Kurdistan with his companions by the ship Grozia via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq.
In 1961, he participated in the Aylul Revolution and participated in the battles of the revolution. On November 21, 2005, he passed away in the village of Hasna and was buried in the village of Reshe.
Sources:-
Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Board.
- Hamid Gardi, Summary of History, First Edition, (Erbil - Aras Printing and Publishing House - Ministry of Education Press - 2004).
- Haydar Faruq al-Samarrai, Dia Jafar and his Political and Economic Role in Iraq, (London - Dar al-Hikma - 2016).
- Sha'ban Ali Sha'ban, Some Political and Historical Information, Third Edition, (Erbil - Rojhalat Press - 2013).
- Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, The Golden Jubilee of the Peshmerga, First Edition, (Pirmam - Khabat Press - 1996).
- Salih Yusuf Sufi, Chronology of Kurdistan and the World, First Edition, Volume Two, (Duhok - Duhok Governorate Press - 2013).
- Omar Faruqi, Sardar Dana: The Life and Struggles of the Late Mullah Mustafa Barzani, Second Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Education Press - 2002).
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- Karwan Muhammad Majid, The Barzanis from Mahabad to the Soviet, First Edition, (Sulaymaniyah - Paywand Press - 2011).
- From the memoirs of the martyr commander Haso Mirxan Zhazhoki, 62 Days with Barzani: The Departure of the Barzanis to the Soviet Union, First Edition (Erbil - Rewshanbiri Press - 1997).
- Laith Abdul-Muhsin Jawad al-Zubaidi, The July 14, 1958 Revolution in Iraq, (Baghdad - Dar al-Rashid for Publishing - 1979).
- Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931-1958, (Duhok - Khabat Press - 1988).
- Najaf Quli Pesyan, From Bloody Mahabad to the Banks of the Aras, trans. Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, First Edition, (Pirmam - Golden Jubilee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - 1996).