Hassan Ahmed was born in 1926 in the village of Zhazhuk, affiliated with the Goratu sub-district in the Mergasor district of Erbil province. He studied in the Soviet Union and received an institute diploma in the agricultural department in 1958. He knew three languages: Kurdish, Arabic, and Russian. He passed away in 1995 in the city of Naghadeh (West Azerbaijan Province).
Struggle RecordOn October 11, 1945, after the collapse of the second Barzan revolution, he and Mustafa Barzani and his companions crossed into Eastern Kurdistan. After the establishment of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad, he defended the Republic on March 31, 1946, within the framework of the Barzan force.
After the fall of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad and Barzani's return from Eastern Kurdistan to Southern Kurdistan, he participated in the Battle of Naghadeh and the Battle of Oshnavieh in Eastern Kurdistan. He was also among the Peshmerga who returned to the Shirwan and Mazuri region on April 19, 1947, through the route of (Khwakurk and the Barazgir plain) via the territory of Northern Kurdistan.
After their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his companions in the village of Argosh on May 6, 1947, and gave them the choice to stay or go to the Soviet Union. There, all the companions decided to continue and go to the Soviet Union. On May 23, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Gali Qotur and the Battle of the Maku Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which is located on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, into the Soviet Union.
After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, he and all his companions were placed in an open-air compound surrounded by barbed wire in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days. They were guarded by a group of soldiers and were treated like prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayulakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and underwent eight hours of military training daily under the supervision of officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan. At the same time, for four hours a day, some of their companions who were literate taught them Kurdish language lessons.
After Jafar Baghirov's poor treatment of the companions, it was decided to move the military camp on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk community near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training.
In March 1949, he and his companions were distributed in groups and squads by train to the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked on the Kolkhoz farms (lands that people rented from the government and later gave a share back to the government).
After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions, and he immediately ordered the formation of a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's companions. Ultimately, the committee's decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vrevsky, so he went to the city of Vrevsky in the Soviet Union in November 1951.
After the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of General Mustafa Barzani, on February 25, 1959, and according to both the third and seventh articles and paragraph (A) of the tenth article and the implementation of the eleventh article, based on the amended Law No. 19 of 1959, he and his companions were covered by a general amnesty.
In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abdul Karim Qasim. He returned to Kurdistan on April 16, 1959, with his companions by the ship Gruzia via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq.
In 1961, he participated in the Aylul Revolution and participated in its battles. After the collapse of the Aylul Revolution, he went to the Islamic Republic of Iran as a refugee. In 1981, he participated in the Gulan Revolution, was a Sergeant Major, and participated in its battles. He passed away in 1995 in the city of Naghadeh.
Sources:- Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Board.
- Hamid Gardi, Summary of History, First Edition, (Erbil - Aras Printing and Publishing House - Ministry of Education Press - 2004).
- Shaban Ali Shaban, Some Political and Historical Information, Third Edition, (Erbil - Rojhalat Printing House - 2013).
- Salih Yusuf Sufi, Chronology of Kurdistan and the World, First Edition, Volume Two, (Duhok - Duhok Governorate Press - 2013).
- Salih Yusuf Sufi, Chronology of Kurdistan and the World, First Edition, Volume Three, (Duhok - Duhok Governorate Press - 2013).
- Abdulrahman Mullah Habib Abu Bakr, The Barzan Tribe between 1931-1991, First Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Culture Press - 2001).
- Karwan Muhammad Majid, The Barzanis from Mahabad to the Soviets, First Edition, (Sulaymaniyah - Paywand Printing House - 2011).
- From the memoir of the martyr commander Haso Mirxan Zhazhuki, 62 Days with Barzani: The Barzanis' Journey to the Soviet Union, First Edition (Erbil - Roshinbiri Press - 1997).
- Laith Abdul-Muhsin Jawad Al-Zubaidi, The July 14, 1958 Revolution in Iraq, (Baghdad - Dar Al-Rashid for Publishing - 1979).
- Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931-1958, (Duhok - Khabat Printing House - 1998).
- Najaf Qoli Pesyan, From Bloody Mahabad to the Banks of the Aras, translated by Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, First Edition, (Pirman - Golden Jubilee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - 1996).