Biography

Omar Hussein Mohammed, known as Omar Shakak, was born in 1920 in the village of Taylenken in Eastern Kurdistan. In 1975, after the collapse of the Aylul Revolution (1961- 1975), he became a refugee in the country of Iran and did not return to Southern Kurdistan; he passed away.

Struggle Record

On May 22, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Kotol (Qotur) and the Battle of Maku Bridge, and after much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which is located on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, towards the Soviet Union.

After their arrival in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, along with all his companions in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan, they were placed for forty days in an open-air compound surrounded by barbed wire and were guarded by a group of soldiers, and they were treated as prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayulakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of the officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, they were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, for four hours a day, they were taught lessons in learning the Kurdish language by some of their companions who were literate.

After the poor treatment of Barzani's companions by Jafar Bagirov, it was decided to move the military camp on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk compound near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and they continued their military training there. 

In March 1949, along with his companions, they were distributed in groups and squads by train among the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked in the Kolkhoz farms (lands that people rented from the government and later gave the government's share back). 

After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, finally a letter reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions, and he immediately decided to form a committee to investigate the situation of Barzani's companions, and finally the committee's decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vrevitski, so he went to the city of Vrevitski in the Soviet Union in November 1951.

In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abdul Karim Qasim, and on April 16, 1959, he returned to Kurdistan with his companions by the ship Grozia via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq.

In the year 1961, he joined the Peshmerga Forces of the Aylul Revolution and participated in its battles.

Sources:

1- Hamid Gawhari, Barzani Medal is the Highest Honor Award, Volume One, (Erbil- Haji Hashim Printing House- 2015).

2- Hamid Gardi, Summary of History, First Edition, (Erbil- Aras Printing and Publishing House- Ministry of Education Printing House- 2004).

3- Shaban Ali Shaban, Some Political and Historical Information, Third Edition, (Erbil- Rojhalat Printing House- 2013).

4- Omar Farouqi, Sardar Dana: Life and Struggles of the Late Mullah Mustafa Barzani, Second Edition, (Erbil- Ministry of Education Printing House- 2002).

5- Abdulrahman Mullah Habib Abu Bakr, Barzan Tribe between 1931- 1991, First Edition, (Erbil- Ministry of Culture Printing House- 2001).

6- Abdullah Ghafoor, Geographical Dictionary of Erbil, (Erbil- Kurdish Academy Publications- Haji Hashim Printing House- 2015).

7- Karwan Mohammed Majid, The Barzanis from Mahabad to the Soviet, First Edition, (Sulaymaniyah- Paywand Printing House- 2011).

8- From the memoirs of the martyr commander Hasso Mirxan Zhazhoki, 62 Days with Barzani: The Departure of the Barzanis to the Soviet Union, First Edition, (Erbil- Culture Printing House- 1997).

9- Laith Abdul-Muhsin Jawad Al-Zubaidi, The Revolution of 14 July 1958 in Iraq, (Baghdad- Dar Al-Rashid for Publishing- 1979).

10- Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931- 1958, (Duhok- Khabat Printing House- 1998). 

11- Najaf Qoli Pessian, From Bloody Mahabad to the Shores of Aras, trans. Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, First Edition, (Pirmam- Golden Jubilee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party- 1996).

12- Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Board.