Biography

He was born in 1930 in the village of Zhazhuk, affiliated with the Goretu sub-district in the Mergasor district of Erbil province. His father participated in the Battle of Nelos in Eastern Kurdistan and was a Martyr in that battle. He studied in the Soviet Union and received an institute diploma in the agriculture department. On July 31, 1983, during the Anfal operation of the Barzanis, he and his son, who was named Sabir Hassan and was born in the Year 1961, were disappeared by the Iraqi government in the Diana complex.

Struggle Record

After the collapse of the second Barzan revolution on October 11, 1945, he headed to Eastern Kurdistan. On March 31, 1946, he was a Peshmerga in the Barzani force affiliated with the army of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad. After the collapse of the Republic of Kurdistan, he participated in the Battle of Nelos on March 3, 1947. On March 24 of the same year, he participated in the Battle of Qarne in the Khane area, and on March 25 of the same year, he participated in the Battle of Hevers and Heleji.

 He was among those Peshmerga who returned to the Shirwan and Muzuri area through the (Khwakurk and Dashti Barazgar) route via the soil of Northern Kurdistan on April 19, 1947.

After their return, General Mustafa Barzani held a meeting with his companions on May 6, 1947, in the village of Argosh and gave them the choice to stay or go to the Soviet Union. There, all his companions decided to continue and go to the Soviet Union. On May 23, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Gali Qotur and the Battle of Maku Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which is located on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, towards the Soviet Union.

After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, along with all his companions, they were placed in the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days in an open-air complex surrounded by barbed wire, and they were guarded by a group of soldiers. In terms of food, clothing, and movement, they were treated like prisoners of war. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayulakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of the officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, they were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, for four hours a day, they were taught lessons in learning the Kurdish language by some of their companions who were literate.

After the bad treatment by Jafar Bagirov towards his companions, it was decided to move the military camp on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk complex near Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and they continued their military training there.

In March 1949, along with his companions, they were distributed in groups and squads by train to the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked in the Kolkhoz fields (lands that people rented from the government and later gave the government's share back).

After much effort and sending several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, finally a letter reached Stalin in which Barzani describes the hardships of his companions, and he immediately decides to form a committee to investigate the Situation of the Barzani companions, and finally, the committee's decision is that they should all be gathered in the city of Vrevsky, so he went to the city of Vrevsky in the Soviet Union in November 1951.

After the July 14, 1958 revolution in Iraq and the return of General Mustafa Barzani, on February 25, 1959, and according to both the third and seventh articles and paragraph (A) of the tenth article and the implementation of article (11) based on the amended Law No. 19 of the Year 1961, he and his companions were covered by a general amnesty.

In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abdul Karim Qasim. On April 16, 1959, he and his companions returned to Kurdistan by the ship Gruzia via the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq. 

In the Year 1961, he participated in the Aylul Revolution and participated in the battles of Khalan Bridge and Gorazi.

Sources:
  1. Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Board.
  2. Hamid Gardi, Summary of History, First Edition, (Erbil - Aras Printing and Publishing House - Ministry of Education Press - 2004).
  3. Rikar Muzuri, The Tragedy of the Barzanis, First Edition, (Erbil - Haji Hashim Press - 2013).
  4. Saleh Yusuf Sufi, Chronology of Kurdistan and the World, First Edition, Volume Three, (Duhok - Duhok Governorate Press - 2013).
  5. Omar Farouqi, Sardar Dana: Life and Struggles of the Late Mulla Mustafa Barzani, Second Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Education Press - 2002).
  6. Abdulrahman Malla Habib Abu Bakr, The Barzan Tribe between 1931-1991, First Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Culture Press - 2001).
  7. Abdullah Ghafoor, Geographical Dictionary of Erbil, (Erbil - Kurdish Academy Publications - Haji Hashim Press - 2015).
  8. Karwan Muhammad Majid, The Barzanis from Mahabad to the Soviet, First Edition, (Sulaymaniyah - Paywand Press - 2011).
  9. Hataw Magazine, Issue 154, Sixth Year, Erbil, Kurdistan Press, Friday, April 15, 1959.
  10. Laith Abdul-Muhsin Jawad Al-Zubaidi, The July 14, 1958 Revolution in Iraq, (Baghdad - Dar Al-Rashid for Publishing - 1979).
  11. Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931-1958, (Duhok - Khabat Press - 1998).