Biography

Mahmud Osman Nabi was born in 1930 in the village of Lerabiri in the Shirwan Mazn district, Mergasor district, Erbil governorate. He was married and was Anfalized by the Ba'ath regime in 1983 in the forced settlement complex of Qushtapa in Erbil governorate.

Struggle Record

In 1943, after Mullah Mustafa Barzani returned from Sulaymaniyah to the Barzan region and ignited the Second Barzan Revolution (1943-1945), he joined the ranks of the revolutionary army and participated in the battles to capture the police stations in the Barzan region. In 1945, after the collapse of the revolution, he became a refugee in Eastern Kurdistan (Iran) alongside the Barzani fighters and families. After the establishment of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad at the beginning of 1946, he became a Peshmerga of the Republic in the Barzan force. After the fall of the Republic of Kurdistan in December 1946, alongside the Barzan revolutionary army led by General Mustafa Barzani, and after several battles and struggles against the Imperial Iranian Army, he returned to Southern Kurdistan through the Nazdardagh area at the Iran-Iraq-Turkey border triangle and settled in the ranks of the army in the Mizuri tribal area.

 On May 22, 1947, he accompanied General Mustafa Barzani towards the Soviet Union and participated in the Battle of Kotol (Qotur) and the Battle of the Maku Bridge. After much hardship and fatigue, on June 18, 1947, he crossed the Aras River, which is located on the border between Iran and the Soviet Union, into the Soviet Union.

After arriving in the Soviet Union, on June 19, 1947, he and all his companions were placed in the city of "Nakhchivan" in the Republic of Azerbaijan for forty days in an open-air complex surrounded by barbed wire, guarded by a group of soldiers, and treated like prisoners of war in terms of food, clothing, and movement. Later, by the decision of the Soviet government, they were distributed among the regions of Aghdam, Lachin, Ayulakh, and Kalbajar in the Republic of Azerbaijan. On December 10, 1947, they were moved to a military camp on the Caspian Sea in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and on the 23rd of the same month, they were given military uniforms and, under the supervision of the officers of the Republic of Azerbaijan, were given eight hours of military training daily. At the same time, for four hours daily, some of their companions who were literate taught them lessons in learning the Kurdish language.

After Jafar Bagirov's poor treatment of the Barzani companions, it was decided to move the military camp on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk complex near "Tashkent," the capital of the Republic of Uzbekistan, where they continued their military training.

   In March 1949, he and his companions were distributed in groups and squads by train among the collective villages of the Soviet Union and worked in the collective farms (Kolkhozes) (the lands that people rented from the government and later returned the government's share).

After much effort and the sending of several letters by General Barzani to Stalin, a letter finally reached Stalin in which Barzani described the hardships of his companions, and he immediately decided to form a committee to investigate the situation of the Barzani companions. The committee's decision was that they should all be gathered in the city of Vrevsky, so Mahmud Osman went to the city of Vrevsky in the Soviet Union in November 1951.

In 1958, the Republic of Iraq was established under the presidency of Abdul Karim Qasim, and on April 16, 1959, Mahmud Osman returned to Kurdistan with his companions via the ship Grozia through the port of Basra in the south of the Republic of Iraq.

In 1961, he joined the Peshmerga Forces of the Aylul Revolution and became a Peshmerga and participated in its battles.

Sources:

1- Hamid Gawhari, The Barzani Medal is the Highest Honor Award, Volume One, (Erbil - Haji Hashim Printing House - 2015).

2- Hamid Gardi, Summary of History, First Edition, (Erbil - Aras Printing and Publishing House - Ministry of Education Printing House - 2004).

3- Shaban Ali Shaban, Some Political and Historical Information, Third Edition, (Erbil - Rojhalat Printing House - 2013).

4- Omar Farouqi, Sardar Dana: Life and Struggles of the Late Mullah Mustafa Barzani, Second Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Education Printing House - 2002).

5- Abdulrahman Mullah Habib Abubakar, The Barzan Tribe Between 1931-1991, First Edition, (Erbil - Ministry of Culture Printing House - 2001).

6- Abdullah Ghafoor, Geographical Dictionary of Erbil, (Erbil - Kurdish Academy Publications - Haji Hashim Printing House - 2015).

7- Karwan Muhammad Majid, The Barzanis from Mahabad to the Soviet Union, First Edition, (Sulaymaniyah - Paywand Printing House - 2011).

8- From the Memoirs of the Martyr Commander Haso Mirxan Zhazhoki, 62 Days with Barzani: The Barzanis' Journey to the Soviet Union, First Edition, (Erbil - Culture Printing House - 1997).

9- Laith Abdul-Muhsin Jawad Al-Zubaidi, The 14 July 1958 Revolution in Iraq, (Baghdad - Dar Al-Rashid for Publishing - 1979).

10- Masoud Barzani, Barzani and the Kurdish Liberation Movement 1931-1958, (Duhok - Khabat Printing House - 1998).

11- Najaf Qoli Pessian, From Bloody Mahabad to the Shores of the Aras, trans. Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, First Edition, (Pirman - Golden Jubilee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - 1996).

12- Archive of the Encyclopedia Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party.