Biography

Mamand Masih was born in 1905 in the village of Sarokani, Piran sub-district, Mergasor district, Erbil Governorate..

Struggle Record

 In 1943, after the return of Mullah Mustafa Barzani from Sulaymaniyah to the Barzan region and the outbreak of the Second Barzan Revolution, he joined the ranks of the revolutionary army and participated as a commander in the battles to capture the police stations in the Barzan region.

In 1945, after the collapse of the revolution, he was displaced along with the fighters and Barzani families to Eastern Kurdistan (Iran). After the establishment of the Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad at the beginning of 1946, he became a Peshmerga of the Republic in the Barzan force. After the fall of the Republic of Kurdistan in December 1946, along with the Barzan revolutionary army led by General Mustafa Barzani, after several battles and struggles against the Imperial Iranian Army, he returned to Southern Kurdistan through the Nazdardagh area at the border triangle of Iran, Iraq, and Turkey, and settled in the ranks of the army in the Muzuri tribe area.

On May 6, 1947, after the historic decision of General Mustafa Barzani at the Argosh meeting not to surrender to the Iraqi government and to head towards the Soviet Union, he decided to leave along with the Barzan revolutionary army of more than five hundred fighters led by General Mustafa Barzani, and he became one of Barzani's companions and a commander of one of his forces to the Soviet Union. During 28 days of continuous marching through the rugged nature of the road and military confrontations with the armies of the three countries of Iraq, Turkey, and Iran, and after their success in the famous Shut battle and their crossing of the Qizildagh bridge in Maku, he finally crossed the Aras River and the border of the Soviet Union on June 18 along with the Barzani fighters.

After crossing the border, he was transferred by the Soviets along with all the Barzani fighters to the city of Nakhchivan in the Republic of Azerbaijan and was kept as a prisoner of war in an open, fenced camp. After Moscow decided to accept the Barzanis as refugees and after the agreement between General Mustafa Barzani and Jafar Baghirov, the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan, he was transferred along with all the Barzani fighters to a camp on the Caspian Sea near Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan, and was subjected to intensive military training by Azerbaijani officers, and there they were also taught to read and write the Kurdish language by Kurdish officers.

After the deterioration of the relationship between General Mustafa Barzani and Jafar Baghirov and the appearance of Baghirov's bad intentions and suspicion towards the Barzanis, he was transferred along with all the Barzani fighters on August 29, 1948, from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Charchuk complex in the Republic of Uzbekistan, where he was again temporarily subjected to military training.

In March 1949, after the conspiracies of Baghirov and Beria, Stalin's assistant, the Barzani fighters were separated from each other and distributed in groups to the villages, collective farms (kolkhozes), and cooperatives of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and to earn their living, they were subjected to forced labor and hard daily work like German prisoners.

After much effort and sending several letters by General Mustafa Barzani to the Kremlin Palace and the authorities of the Soviet Union, finally a letter from Barzani reached Stalin, the leader of the Soviet Union. After the arrival of Barzani's letter, Stalin decided to form a committee to investigate the situation of the Barzanis, and finally, in 1951, all the Barzanis were gathered together again and settled in the city of Vrevsky on the Black Sea in today's southern Russia.

After 11 years of staying in the Soviet Union, in 1958 the monarchy in Iraq was overthrown and a republican system of government was established led by Abd al-Karim Qasim, and they took power in Iraq. With the coming to power of the republicans, the way for the return of the Barzanis from the Soviet Union was opened, and on April 16, 1959, he returned to Southern Kurdistan with all the Barzani fighters on the ship Gruziya via the port of Basra.

He was martyred in 1968.

Sources:

1- Payam-i Aylul Magazine, Issue 21, July 2011, A special interview with a fighter and persistent member of the Barzan revolutions, the Mahabad Republic, the Great Aylul Revolution, and the Gulan Revolution (Ahmed Mustafa Kanyelnji), Interviewer: Khoshawi Ali Babir, p. 31.

2- Shawkat Sheikh Yazdin, The Golden Jubilee of the Peshmerga, (Pirmam - Khabat Press - 1996), p. 32.

3- Zrar Suleiman Beg Dargalay, My Memories in the Years 1943-1977, Rahand Press - Sulaymaniyah, 2002.

4- Not Surrendering and Crossing the Aras River, Prepared by the Office of Culture and Information of Branch 12, 2009.

5- Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Board.

6- Rashid Mullah Ali Koleki, Life and Resistance in the Path of the Immortal Barzani's Companion (Kazim Shanadari), Rojhalat Press - Erbil, 2019.

7- From the memoirs of the Martyr Commander Haso Mirhan Zhazhoki, 62 Days with Barzani, The Going of the Barzanis to the Soviet Union, First Edition, (Erbil - Roshinbiri Press - 1997).