Biography

Nuri Sadiq Ali Rasul, known as Engineer Nuri Shaways, was born in 1922 in the city of Sulaymaniyah. He was the son of Sadiq Shaways, an officer during the reign of Sheikh Mahmud Hafid (1881-1956), who participated in the Battle of Bazian Pass against the army of the United Kingdom.

He married Nahida Sheikh Salam Ahmed (1922-2005), known as teacher Nahida Salam , a member of the Central Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party. He was the father of Dr. Roj Nuri Shaways , a member of the Political Bureau of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, and Brusk Nuri Shaways , a member of the Central Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party. 

In 1945, he graduated from the College of Engineering in Baghdad. In 1946, he was transferred as an engineer to the city of Hilla. In 1948, he was exiled by the authorities of the Kingdom of Iraq to the city of Hilla. In 1962, he was the Deputy Director of Labor and Housing in Baghdad. In 1964, he was a teacher at the only central revolutionary school in Galala. On March 29, 1970, he was appointed Minister of Public Works and Housing in the cabinet of Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr (1914-1982).

In 1970, he underwent heart surgery at the Cleveland Clinic in the United States of America. In 1972, accompanied by Ali Abdullah, he represented President Mustafa Barzani at the funeral of Sheikh Latif Hafid in the city of Sulaymaniyah. On Sunday, July 2, 1972, he was invited to Moscow by the Soviet Union authorities for one month for medical treatment.

In September 1972, he was a member of the founding committee of the Salahaddin Family Club in the city of Baghdad. On August 12, 1973, by a republican decree, he was appointed Minister of State. At the beginning of 1974, he became the Secretary-General of the Secretariat of Housing and Municipalities of the Aylul Revolution . In 1974, after the passage of the Legislative Council and Executive Council Law of the Kurdistan Region, he was appointed Minister of Communications and Public Works. On April 7, 1974, by a republican decree, he was removed from his position as Minister of State in the cabinet of Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr.

On April 28, 1974, after his house was seized by the Iraqi government, his family was expelled to the liberated areas. In 1975, after the collapse of the Aylul Revolution , he fled as a refugee to the Kingdom of Iran. In November 1976, he requested political asylum in the United Kingdom. On May 14, 1978, he was accepted as a political refugee in the United Kingdom. On November 15, 1983, he passed away in the United Kingdom. He was proficient in Kurdish, Arabic, and English.

Struggle Record

Engineer Nuri Shaways joined the ranks of the Kurdish Freedom Society in 1935. In 1936, he participated in the demonstration for the burial of the body of General Mustafa Pasha Yamulki (1866-1936) in the city of Sulaymaniyah. On March 20, 1937, on the occasion of lighting the Newroz fire on Mamayara Hill in the city of Sulaymaniyah, he was arrested by the police. In 1937, he was involved in distributing the manifesto of the Kurdish Freedom Society against the Saadabad Pact. In 1937, he was involved in collecting protest signatures for the removal of the governor, police chief, and judge of Sulaymaniyah who were anti-Kurdish. In 1937, he worked politically with the Kurdish Brotherhood Society in the city of Sulaymaniyah. In 1937, he was one of the founders of the Darkar Society in the city of Kirkuk. In 1939, he was one of the founders of the Hiwa Party of Kurdistan in the city of Kirkuk. In 1939, he was elected Deputy President at the First Congress of the Hiwa Party of Kurdistan. In 1940, he was the trusted representative of the President of the Hiwa Party of Kurdistan in Sulaymaniyah. In 1947, in the city of Sulaymaniyah, he participated in the demonstrations and the burial of the bodies of the two martyrs Mustafa Mustafa (1912-1947), known as Mustafa Khoshnaw , and Muhammad Mahmud Muhammad (1922-1947), known as Muhammad Qudsi. In 1948, he participated in the demonstrations against the Portsmouth Treaty. In 1951, he was elected by the Congress representatives as a member of the Provisional Central Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party (Second Congress).

In 1953, he was elected by the Congress representatives as a member of the leadership of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - Iraq (Third Congress). In 1955, together with Jalal Talabani (1933-2017), on behalf of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - Iraq, they addressed a protest letter from the Iraqi Communist Party to the Communist Party of Great Britain. In 1959, he was the representative of the Branch One Committee at the Fourth Congress. After the Fourth Congress, he was appointed as the head of the Branch One Committee in the fourth and fifth staffs. In 1959, he was elected by the Congress representatives as a member of the Central Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party (Fourth Congress). In 1959, he was involved in suppressing the coup of Colonel Abdul Wahab al-Shawaf (1916-1959) in the city of Mosul. On June 28, 1959, representing the Kurdistan Democratic Party - United in the National Union Front, he sent a telegram of support to Abdul Karim Qasim, the President of Iraq. In 1959, he was a member of the Iraqi Engineers Syndicate. In 1959, he was the Deputy President of the Iraqi Engineers Syndicate. In April 1959, at the Gali Hall in the city of Baghdad, during the celebration of the return of the Barzani comrades from the Soviet Union, he delivered the speech of the Kurdistan Democratic Party to the attendees.

On Saturday, January 8, 1960, he was a member of the founding committee of the public phase of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - Iraq. In 1960, he was a member of the conference committee of the Fifth Congress of the Kurdistan Democratic Party in part of the Garmian region. In 1960, he supervised the conference of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - Iraq in the Garmaser region to elect representatives for the Fifth Congress. In 1960, he was elected by the Congress representatives as a member of the Central Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party. Fifth Congress of the Kurdistan Democratic Party elected, in the year 1960 he submitted his resignation from the Party to Mustafa Barzani the President of the Party, and his request was not approved. In the year 1961, he participated in the last meeting of the leadership of the Kurdistan Democratic Party at the house of Dr. Murad Aziz for the purpose of preparation for the revolution. In the year 1961, before being arrested by the Iraqi intelligence forces, he fled and hid for a while in Baghdad. In the month of September 1961, he met with Jamal Haider Asim (1926-1963), known as Jamal Haideri, a member of the Political Bureau of the Iraqi Communist Party, for the purpose of their cooperation for the revolution in Southern Kurdistan. From the 18th to the 23rd of December 1961, he participated in the meeting of the Central Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party in the village of Awallan, affiliated with Sulaymaniyah Governorate, for the purpose of continuing the Aylul Revolution. In the year 1962, he joined the ranks of the Peshmerga forces. On January 19, 1963, in the town of Ranya, affiliated with Sulaymaniyah Governorate, he was a member of the negotiating delegation of the Aylul Revolution with the representative of the Iraqi government. In the year 1963, he had a meeting with David Adamson, a journalist for the British newspaper The Sunday Telegraph. In the year 1964, as a representative of the Kurdistan Democratic Party he participated in the opening of the Ninth Congress of the Kurdistan Students Association in Europe in the city of Hanover within the borders of the Federal Republic of Germany.

In the year 1964, he was a supporter of the Political Bureau faction for the war against the President's faction. In the year 1964, in the Sixth Congress of the Kurdistan Democratic Party he was removed from the ranks of the Party due to his support for the decisions of the Mawet expanded meeting. After joining the group of Ibrahim Ahmad and Jalal Talabani on January 28, 1966, to the Iraqi government and turning his back on the Aylul Revolution, on February 21, 1966, together with Ali Abdullah and Nuri Ahmad Taha in a letter to President Mustafa Barzani they expressed their readiness to serve the Aylul Revolution and the Party. In the middle of the year 1966, he was appointed by the Central Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party as a member of the preparatory committee for the Seventh Congress. In the year 1966, as a sign of respect for his position, he was re-elected as a member of the Central Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party at the Seventh Congress. In the year 1966, in the first meeting of the Central Committee, he was elected as a member of the Political Bureau. In the year 1966, he was appointed as a member of the Revolutionary Command Council in Iraqi Kurdistan. In the year 1966, he was appointed as a member of the Executive Bureau (Al-Maktab al-Tanfidhi) in the Revolutionary Command Council in Iraqi Kurdistan. On April 15, 1967, under the supervision of President Mustafa Barzani as a member of the Political Bureau of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, he was a representative at the Kani Samak (Erbil) military-political conference. From the month of November 1968 to the month of February 1969, he was a teacher of the program and internal regulations course of the Kurdistan Democratic Party in the first session of the Kurdistan Democratic Party cadre training school in Choman district, affiliated with Erbil Governorate. From the month of April 1969 to the month of August 1969, he was a teacher of the program course of the Kurdistan Democratic Party in the second session of the Kurdistan Democratic Party cadre training school in the village of Nawprdan, affiliated with Erbil Governorate. On January 10, 1970, in the city of Baghdad, he was a member of the nine-person delegation of the Kurdistan Democratic Party for negotiations regarding autonomy for Southern Kurdistan with the officials of the Ba'ath Party. On March 11, 1970, he was a member of the delegation of the Kurdistan Democratic Party for the announcement of the March 11 Agreement for the right to autonomy for Kurdistan by President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr (1914-1982).

 In the year 1970, he was elected by the congress representatives as a member of the Central Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party at the Eighth Congress of the Kurdistan Democratic Party . In the year 1970, in the first meeting of the Central Committee, he was elected as a member of the Political Bureau. On Friday, June 12, 1970, by the order of President Mustafa Barzani he became a member of the Party delegation to visit the city of Najaf in western Iraq for the purpose of participating in the funeral of the Grand Ayatollah Abdul Muhsin al-Hakim (1889-1970), the great global Shia authority. On Sunday, August 16, 1970, he participated in the celebration of the twenty-fourth anniversary of the founding of the Kurdistan Democratic Party in the city of Baghdad. From the month of July 1970 to the month of November 1970, he was a teacher of the program and internal regulations course of the Kurdistan Democratic Party at the third session of the cadre training school of the Kurdistan Democratic Party in the city of Baghdad. In the year 1970, he was a member of the Kurdistan Democratic Party delegation with the Ba'ath Party for the unification of the Kurdistan Teachers Union and the Iraqi Teachers Central Union, which did not achieve success due to the insistence of the other side regarding the Peshmerga. At the end of the month of October 1970, he was a member of the Kurdistan Democratic Party delegation to prevent the interference of the Ba'ath Party in the student elections in Kirkuk Governorate. In the year 1971, he was a teacher at the third session of the cadre training school in the city of Baghdad. On Monday, February 1, 1971, he participated in the graduation ceremony of the third session of the Kurdistan Democratic Party cadre training school at the headquarters of the Fifth Branch Committee in the city of Baghdad. On Sunday, May 30, 1971, accompanied by Habib Fayli, he welcomed the delegation of the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Communist Party in the city of Baghdad. On August 16, 1971, he participated in the silver jubilee celebration of the 25th anniversary of the founding of the Kurdistan Democratic Party at the headquarters of the Fifth Branch Committee in the city of Baghdad.

On Thursday, June 1, 1972, accompanied by a delegation of the Kurdistan Democratic Party and a delegation of the Iraqi Communist Party, they met with Saddam Hussein (1937-2006) and discussed the nationalization of Iraqi oil. In the year 1972, for the purpose of visiting government and Kurdistan Democratic Party institutions, he visited the town of Zakho, affiliated with Duhok Governorate. In the month of August 1972, at the request of the Soviet Communist Party, he met with the Kurdistan Democratic Party delegation with Soviet authorities and they spoke about bilateral relations. On Tuesday, July 17, 1973, accompanied by a delegation of the Kurdistan Democratic Party In the Soviet Union embassy in Baghdad, they met with Sharaf Rashidov, a candidate member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. In 1973, he was an instructor for the program and internal regulations of the Kurdistan Democratic Party in the fourth session of the Kurdistan Democratic Party cadre training school in the village of Nawprdan, Erbil Governorate. On Friday, February 1, 1974, as a member of the Political Bureau of the Kurdistan Democratic Party and Minister of State in the cabinet of Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr (1914-1982), he participated in the ceremony of the Fifth Congress of the Kurdistan Teachers' Union in the city of Sulaymaniyah. On March 12, 1974, due to the non-implementation of the March 11 Agreement by the government of Iraq, he submitted his resignation to Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr, President of Iraq. On March 6, 1975, he was at the last meeting of the Central Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, with the continuation of the war against the Iraqi army. In 1976, he was a member of the Political Bureau of the Provisional Leadership of the Kurdistan Democratic Party (Berlin Conference). In 1979, by the representatives of the Congress, he was elected as a member of the Central Committee of the Kurdistan Democratic Party 9th Congress of the Kurdistan Democratic Party In 1979, in the first meeting of the Central Committee, he was elected as a member of the Political Bureau of the Kurdistan Democratic Party. In 1979, he separated from the Kurdistan Democratic Party. From July 26 to 30, 1981, by the representatives of the Congress, he was elected as a member of the Political Bureau of the Kurdistan Democratic People's Party at the First Congress. In 1982, he attempted to reconcile the Kurdistan Democratic Party and the Kurdistan Democratic People's Party. From December 26 to 30, 1989, the Second Congress of the Kurdistan Democratic People's Party was named after him.

Among his works:

  1. From My Memoirs - 1985.

Sources:

  1. Archive of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Encyclopedia Board

  2. Abdul Majeed Shawqi al-Bakri, The Mosul Epic in Communist Disgraces, (Mosul - Republic Press - 1963 AD), p. 62.

  3. Falakaddin Kakayi, Spiritual Coup, translated by Sherzad Heini, (Erbil - Shahab Printing House - 2016 AD), p. 74.

  4. Yasin Qadir Barzanji, Plays of Sulaymaniyah in the years 1926 - 1961, (Sulaymaniyah - Sardam Printing and Publishing House - 2001 AD), p. 49.

  5. Aso Omar Siwara, Sulaymaniyah and Khaki, (Sulaymaniyah - Shvan Printing House - 2019 AD), pp. 366, 503.

  6. Aziz Hassan al-Barzani, The Kurdish National Liberation Movement in Iraqi Kurdistan 1939 - 1945, (Duhok - Spirez House for Printing and Publishing - Ministry of Education Press - 2002 AD), p. 124.

  7. Zaki Khairi, Echoes of Years in the Memory of a Veteran Iraqi Communist, (Stockholm - 1994 AD), p. 231.

  8. Aqila Rawanduzi, Memory and Praise, (Erbil - Shawushka Center for Cultural Activities - Education Press - 2005 AD), pp. 159 - 161.

  9. Farhad Awni, Secrets and Hidden Aspects of Student Elections in Kirkuk Governorate 32 Years Ago, Golan Arabi Magazine, Golan Institution for Culture and Media, Issue 66, Sixth Year, Erbil, Ministry of Education Press, November 30, 2001 AD, p. 135.

  10. Chris Kutschera, The Kurdish National Movement, translated by Ibrahim Younis, second edition, (Tehran - Negah Publishing Institution - 1377 AH), pp. 169, 188, 244, 255, 260, 327, 338, 344, 384.

  11. Nawzad Ali Ahmed, The Press of the Kurdistan Democratic Party Outside the Homeland, (Sulaymaniyah - Zhiin Institution for the Revival of Kurdish Documentary and Journalistic Heritage - 2010 AD), p. 11.

  12. David Adamson, The Kurdish Struggle, translated by Javad Hatefi, (Tehran - Ataei Publishing Institution - Mohammad Ali Elmi Press - 1348 AH), pp. 125, 131.

  13. Mahdi Muhammad Qadir, Political Developments in Iraqi Kurdistan 1945 - 1958, (Sulaymaniyah - Kurdistan Center for Strategic Studies - 2005 AD), pp. 95, 126, 129, 132, 134. 

  14. Shwan Muhammad Amin Taha Khoshnaw, Erbil Between the Years (1958 - 1963) A Study of the Political Situation, (Erbil - Rojhalat Printing House - 2012 AD), p. 293.

  15. Shwan Muhammad Amin Taha Khoshnaw, Erbil Between the Years 1963 - 1970 A Historical Study of the Political Situation, (Erbil - Salahaddin University Press - 2016 AD), pp. 61, 149, 155, 171, 331.

  16. Abdurrahman Sharafkandi, The Guest's Meal, (Paris - 1997 AD), p. 356.

  17. Prepared by: Salah Rashid, Meeting of a Lifetime, Part One, Second Edition, (Sulaymaniyah - Karo Printing House - 2017 AD), pp. 183 - 184.

  18. Akram Salhi Rasha, Sulaymaniyah City, Volume Five, (Sulaymaniyah - Rahand Printing House - 2018 AD), p. 555.

  19. Andrios Bakuri, Radio, (Erbil - Shahab Printing House - 2009 AD), pp. 175, 177.

  20. Dismissal of five ministers and appointment of five new ones, Al-Ta'akhi Newspaper, Issue 1512, Baghdad, Times Press, Monday, April 8, 1974 AD, p. 1.

  21. Ministerial Order No. 99, Al-Waqae Al-Iraqiya Newspaper, Ministry of Guidance in Iraq, Issue 480, Third Year, Baghdad, Tuesday, February 7, 1961 AD, p. 3.

  22. Saadi Osman Haruti, The Relationship Between Kurds and the Soviets in Three British Documents, Ruwgah Magazine, Zakho Center for Kurdish Studies, Issue 6, Spring 2019 AD, p. 35.

  23. 5 Kurdish ministers were expelled from the cabinet, Ettela'at Newspaper, Issue 14373, Tehran, Monday, 19 Farvardin 1353 AH, p. 2.

  24. Establishment of Salahaddin Club, Al-Ta'akhi Newspaper, Issue 1132, Baghdad, Times Press, Saturday, September 9, 1972 AD, p. 4.

  25. Jirjis Fathallah the Lawyer, Iraq in the Era of Qasim Opinions and Thoughts 1958 - 1988, Part Two, (Sweden - Nabz House for Printing and Publishing - 1989 AD), p. 728.

  26. Habib Muhammad Karim, History of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - Iraq (In Key Milestones) 1946 - 1993, (Duhok - Khabat Press - 1998 AD), pp. 28, 47, 50, 57, 61, 67 - 68, 117, 124, 147, 152, 159, 488.

  27. Sami Shorish, Kurdistan and the Kurds, Second Edition, (Erbil - Rojhalat Press - 2019 AD), p. 125.

  28. Sami Abdulrahman, From My Papers, (Kurdistan - Publications of the Kurdistan Democratic People's Party - Gal Press - 1991 AD), pp. 29 - 31.

  29. Shaban Saeed Muhammad, Me and the Struggle and Waves of Sorrow, (Duhok - College of Sharia Press - 2000 AD), p. 42.

  30. Shakib Aqrawi, Years of Ordeal in Kurdistan, Most Important Political and Military Events in Kurdistan and Iraq from 1958 to 1980, Second Edition, (Erbil - Manara Press - 2007 AD), pp. 152, 303.

  31. Shawkat Mullah Ismail Hassan, Days in the History of the September Revolution, Second Edition, (Erbil - Tafsir Office - 2016 AD), p. 210.

  32. Ismet Cherif Vanly, Iraqi Kurdistan A National Identity (A Study of the 1961 Revolution), translated by Suad Muhammad Khader, (Sulaymaniyah - Zhiin Institution - Shvan Press - 2012 AD), pp. 326, 328.

  33. Republican Decree No. 180, Al-Waqae Al-Iraqiya Newspaper, Ministry of Information in Iraq, Issue 1867, Twelfth Year, Baghdad, Tuesday, April 14, 1970 AD, p. 11.

  34. Nuri Shaways, From My Memoirs, (No place - Publications of the Kurdistan Democratic Party - 1985 AD), pp. 10-12, 14, 18, 20-21, 25, 34, 52, 62, 79, 81, 83-85, 89-90.